Pulmonary changes induced by trans, trans-2, 4-decadienal, a component of cooking oil fume

Cooking oil fume (COF) is known to be associated with respiratory diseases and risk of lung cancer. The involvement of Trans, trans-2,4-decadienal (tt-DDE), a major component in COF, is suspected. Male ICR mice were intratracheally instilled with either 8 or 24 mg/kg tt-DDE weekly for eight weeks. Total numbers and types of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BAL), as well as pathologic changes, and inflammatory gene modulations in the lung tissues were assessed. We demonstrated that the number of alveolar macrophages in the BAL fluids was significantly increased in tt-DDE-exposed animals. Histologically, there was a dose-correlated increase in developments of epithelial hyperplasia and granulomatous nodule at the bronchioloalveolar junctions (BAJ). While both Clara and alveolar type II cells were present in the BAJ lesion, only Clara cells were found to be actively proliferative. On the other hand, only alveolar type II cells were found in the BAJ granulomatous nodules. Furthermore, enhanced accumulation of pSTAT3, a known procarcinogenic factor, was also detected in many alveolar type II cells at the BAJ lesions. Since both BAJ hyperplasia and enhanced pSTAT3 accumulation are known . Published on September 24, 2009 as doi: 10.1183/09031936.00140508 ERJ Express Copyright 2009 by the European Respiratory Society. 2 risk factors associated with increased lung adenocarcinoma development, these findings suggest that tt-DDE may pose risk in lung carcinogenesis.